Onychomycosis – a disease common. Often diagnosed the fungus of the fingernail on the thumb. When the early treatment of infection can stop and prevent the defeat of the health of the nails. At present, there are plenty of funds dedicated to the fight against the fungus. In the initial stages, it will be enough local drugs, and the implementation can not do without radical measures.
The causes of fungal of the defeat of the nail, and risk factors
The cause of the fungus in the nail bed in most of the cases acts as the contact with the other person.
Risk factors for fungal infection protrude the following states:
- The advanced age.
- The cardiovascular disease.
- Bacterial of the skin lesions.
- Eczema, dermatitis.
- The abuse of spirituous beverages.
The disease develops in contact with the plate of the nail of fungal pathogens. Can also pass the blood and in the skin of the water. In most cases, the cause of the development of the pathology acts in contact with the other person. Are possible the following reasons for the development of fungal infections:
- Be in the common areas by type of toilet or the swimming pool. In this case, the fungus most often affects the toes.
- Contacts with the man suffering from onychomycosis. It can transmit through their personal objects.
- Beauty treatments, if the tools are not disinfected. For example, if the procedure of pedicure or manicure.
- The breach of the rules of personal hygiene. The lack of a proper monitoring of the plant of the foot or the inadequate use of the footwear leads to the development of nail fungus.
- Taking medications, the side-effect that consists in the development of fungal diseases.
- Poor circulation, varicose veins.
The stage of onychomycosis and its symptoms
Each stage of the nail fungus has its symptoms. In function of this, you select the treatment, therefore, it is very important to understand at what stage is the infection by fungi.
- Normotroficheskie. Nail plate changes its hue, while maintaining the brightness of the nail and its normal thickness. Gradually spots appear of different sizes, have a whitish-yellow. As the development of disease, the spots increase in size and become slightly convex, consequently cover the whole nail plate. When the thickness of the nail is preserved in its normal state.
- Hypertrophic. At this stage of the manifestation of onychomycosis become more pronounced. In addition to changing the color tone of the nail, it modifies the thickness of the nail. Increases by more than 2 mm, This depends on the hyperkeratosis – the higher education the return of the skin. Nail plate loses shine, becomes dull, they begin to crumble and very deformed. Particularly severe deterioration occurs on the sides of the nail.
- Atrophic. Nail plate begins to acquire a gray-brown hue, the tarnish becomes more pronounced. As the progression of the disease, the nail is reduced, it can atrophy. The process develops from the tip of the surface of the nail, gradually work your way up to the skin the roller and the zone of growth. The symptoms of strain a long time that do not affect the zone of growth.
- Distal. The process of deformation becomes more uniform across the nail plate. Nail on the head and appear explicit in the band. As the crumbling of the nail to its free edge totally unnecessary. Nail plate takes the form incorrect. On the sides of the reels appears the swelling and the redness. In some cases, when you are pressured may appear a little bit of pus.
- Proximal. In the nail plate appears as a white patch of large dimensions. The nail begins to be completely destroyed.
- Total. It is the last stage. Nail plate is completely consumed. The nail will crumble and acquires different nuances.
The diagnosis of fungal
Diagnosis includes visual inspection and a series of studies. For the diagnosis should consult a doctor dermatologist. For a start, the specialist will perform a visual inspection and then perform the following procedures:
- Scraping with the infected of the plot the surface of the nail.
- Electron microscopy, which will allow to detect the presence of a fungal disease.
As a general rule, the diagnosis of fungi in the extremities does not cause problems. Even by visual inspection one can understand the presence of the fungus and its state.
How to cure nail fungus
Today, there are many methods for the treatment of nail fungus in the toe of the feet. Treatment options depend on the stage of the fungal infection. During the initial phases of the disease only external medications.
Anti-fungal lucky
Many want to cure the nail fungus in the toe of the feet. For these purposes, are widely used special varnishes, designed to eliminate fungal defeat. Distinguish synthesized the effect and the convenience in use. Range of varnishes is a huge, so each one can choose the individual of the tool.
Ointments, sprays and creams
Sprays, ointments and creams for the treatment of nail fungus on thumb you can select tools that are presented in the following table. They enjoy great popularity and have been demonstrated as the most effective.
Tablets for oral administration
Medications for oral administration are assigned extremely rare. Your reception is appropriate only in the stages of infection by fungi. As they cause a lot of side effects, they are not permitted to take without a prescription. Between the pills especially popular are the medications that are listed in the table below.
Tools for the elevation of the surface of the nail
The removal of the surface of the nail may be necessary if the fungal infection is in the nailed over its entire surface. To do this, it is necessary to use special tools that allow you to gently remove the nail. In addition, his action also is directed to the removal of mold. During its use you must take special care to avoid injury and the spread of the infection.
The impact of laser
The laser is an alternative treatment for the fungus in the toe of the feet. The laser beams are able to penetrate deeply in the thickness of the nail, which allows you to effectively remove the infection. This procedure is recommended to people with a greater sensitivity to medications for the treatment of mycoses. The laser acts without pain, without any discomfort. The procedure has no side effects and contraindications. To achieve the maximum effect it is necessary to perform the course of such procedures.
The surgical removal of
The surgical removal of the surface of the nail – the more radical of the form. Applies only in the case that the rest of the methodology did not give the desired result. The operation is performed under local anesthesia. Nail plate is completely removed. One of the advantages of this method, you can cancel a fast relief from the fungal infection. When you comply with the measures of healthy growth of the nails can be speed up. The negative part – the relatively long rehabilitation after surgery, may show feelings of pain.
Home remedies
The methodology of folk medicine are widely used in the treatment of fungal infection. Its use is strongly recommended as additional measures to the main treatment. Replace the procedure medications can not. The more common of the recipes:
- Regularly to steam feet in the soda water with the addition of iodine. After this, the nail is processed antibacterial tool.
- All the days put to the victim of the nail of a toe on the foot of the drop of 5% iodine. In the prevention such as to apply 1-2 times a week.
- Throughout the week, the lubricant of the nail of cider vinegar.
- Grind the greater celandine, bring to a boil. The solution of adding it to the realization of the trays to the legs.
- Add to the bath for feet of baking soda and a piece of soap to wash. The procedure for carrying out 2 to 3 times a week.
That will, if not cure the disease
If it is appropriate not to make the treatment of nail fungus, which threatens the transition of the disease in a chronic form. Its danger lies in the accumulation of toxic substances that enter the bloodstream. After this, the toxins spread quickly in the body.
Prevention tips
To avoid fungal and the defeat of the the surface of the nail, you must follow the following rules:
- Make sure that the feet were in the dry.
- A use comfortable and high quality shoes.
- After the visit to the common places carefully wash your feet with soap and water.
- When the fit of shoes using socks.
- To follow regularly the state of the nails. Remove any excess length and to make hygienic pedicure.
- If the person was already with the fungus, it must be special antifungal for the prevention of recidivism.
The preventive measures may help to prevent this unpleasant disease, such as onychomycosis of the nail. In addition, careful handling of the feet and the nails will allow to preserve in perfect condition.